LIBRO + ANEXOS NEUMOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA

Libro Blanco de las ACES Pediátricas 2024 114 ❚ 4. Recognize findings typical of congenital diaphragmatic hernia on chest radiograph 5. Recognize findings typical of bronchogenic cyst on chest radiograph and computed tomography of the chest 6. Recognize findings typical of hypoplastic lung on chest radiograph and computed tomography of the chest 7. Know that in congenital lobar emphysema and cystic adenomatoid malformation, affected lobes may remain filled with fluid and radiodense longer than unaffected lobes after birth 8. Know that the appearance of congenital diaphragmatic hernia may be difficult to differentiate from that of cystic adenomatoid malformation on a plain chest radiograph 9. Know the imaging techniques that should be used to diagnose vascular ring and their interpretation 10. Recognize the usual radiographic findings in the scimitar syndrome 11. Know that tracheomalacia is best diagnosed by studies that show dynamic collapse of the trachea 12. Know the danger of positive pressure ventilation in an infant with congenital lobar emphysema 13. Recognize the findings of H-type tracheoesophageal fistula on imaging studies d. Pulmonary function tests e. Other investigations 1. Recognize the bronchoscopic findings typical of vascular ring 2. Recognize findings typical of bronchomalacia on bronchoscopy 3. Recognize the bronchoscopic findings typical of H-type tracheoesophageal fistula 4. Recognize the difficulty of diagnosing tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia by means of bronchoscopy in the absence of spontaneous ventilation 5. Recognize findings typical of tracheomalacia on bronchoscopy 6. Recognize the difficulty of diagnosing tracheomalacia by means of rigid bronchoscopy with positive pressure ventilation f. Diagnostic criteria g. Complications 1. Know that in congenital lobar emphysema, affected lobes may increase in volume acutely with positive pressure ventilation 2. Know that recurrent infection is a common complication of cystic adenomatoid malformation, bronchogenic cysts, and sequestered lobes 3. Know that there is a small but finite incidence of malignancies arising in congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations 5. Prevention and therapeutic approach a. Prevention b. Therapeutic approach 1. Know that surgical excision is indicated for congenital lobar emphysema when respiratory reserve is compromised 2. Know that both continuous positive airway pressure and sedation may improve airflow in patients with tracheomalacia