LIBRO + ANEXOS NEUMOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA

Neumología Pediátrica. Anexos ❚ 127 2. Recognize the lung function abnormalities (including hypoxemia) that develop during exercise in patients with severe interstitial lung disease e. Other investigations f. Diagnostic criteria 1. Know that open lung biopsy is usually necessary for the accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung disease g. Complications 1. Recognize the complications associated with interstitial lung disease in childhood 2. Recognize that pulmonary hypertension is associated with a decreased probability of survival in pediatric interstitial lung disease 5. Prevention and therapeutic approach a. Prevention b. Therapeutic approach 1. Understand that although anti-inflammatory drugs (eg, systemic corticosteroids) are commonly used in pediatric interstitial lung disease, there is no definitive evidence to support this practice 2. Know the role of lung transplantation in the management of pediatric interstitial lung disease c. Side effects of therapy 1. Understand the risk/benefit relationship in using systemic corticosteroids for pediatric interstitial lung disease 6. Prognosis a. Natural history 1. Know the natural history of bronchiolitis obliterans in an immunocompetent host 2. Know the natural history of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia in childhood 3. Know the natural history of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in childhood 4. Know the natural history of known inborn errors of surfactant metabolism, neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy, and pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis b. Prognosis with therapy 1. Know that the bronchiolitis obliterans associated with graft-versus-host disease is often fatal despite therapy G. Pneumonia 1. Bacterial pneumonia a. Epidemiology 1. Know that the incidence of acute pneumonia is greatest in children younger than 5 years of age 2. Know how the incidence of Mycoplasma pneumonia varies with age b. Etiology/genetics 1. Know the most common pathogens responsible for bacterial pneumonia in infants under 1 month of age 2. Know the most common pathogens responsible for bacterial pneumonia in children between 1 month and 2 years of age