LIBRO + ANEXOS NEUMOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA

Libro Blanco de las ACES Pediátricas 2024 132 ❚ a. Know the role of antigen detection tests in the diagnosis of fungal infections of the lung 6. Diagnostic criteria a. Know that the clinical and radiographic picture of pulmonary histoplasmosis may be similar to that of pulmonary tuberculosis b. Know that the diagnosis of fungal infections can be confirmed by measurement of titers during the acute and convalescent phases c. Know the radiographic appearance of fungal pulmonary infections 7. Complications a. Know that extrapulmonary disease can occur in patients with fungal pneumonias e. Prevention and therapeutic approach 1. Prevention 2. Therapeutic approach a. Know the treatment for pulmonary fungal infections 3. Side effects of therapy a. Know the side effects of drugs commonly prescribed for pulmonary fungal infections f. Prognosis 1. Natural history a. Know the natural history of common pulmonary fungal infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts 2. Prognosis with therapy 4. Tubercle bacilli a. Epidemiology 1. Know that miliary tuberculosis and lymphatic tuberculosis occur more frequently in patients younger than 4 years of age 2. Know the epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis 3. Know the epidemiology of atypical mycobacteria b. Etiology/genetics 1. Know the factors that increase risk for primary tuberculosis in children 2. Know the circumstances that predispose to reactivation of tuberculosis 3. Know why children with active tuberculosis rarely infect others c. Pathophysiology 1. Pathology a. Recognize the typical histologic appearance of a caseating granuloma b. Know that atypical mycobacteria are more likely to cause mycobacterial cervical adenitis than is Mycobacterium tuberculosis c. Recognize the typical histologic appearance of acid-fast bacilli d. Understand that transplacental infection of the fetus with Mycobacterium tuberculosis may occur 2. Path mechanisms and consequences a. Know the mechanism of immune response to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis b. Understand that mycobacteria in primary infection are cleared via lymphatics