LIBRO + ANEXOS NEUMOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA

Libro Blanco de las ACES Pediátricas 2024 144 ❚ 1. Recognize the risks associated with bronchoscopy and/or general anesthesia in a child with tracheal compression due to a mediastinal mass f. Diagnostic criteria g. Complications 5. Prevention and therapeutic approach a. Prevention b. Therapeutic approach 1. Recognize that pneumomediastinum in an older child rarely requires therapy c. Side effects of therapy 6. Prognosis a. Natural history b. Prognosis with therapy I. Acute lung diseases in the newborn infant 1. Epidemiology 2. Etiology/genetics a. Know that spinal muscular atrophy type I is an inherited disorder b. Know the etiology of transient tachypnea of the newborn c. Know the etiology of meconium aspiration syndrome d. Know the etiology of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome e. Know the most common causes of congenital pneumonia in neonates f. Know the etiology of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate 3. Pathophysiology a. Pathology 1. Recognize the pathology of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome on a histopathologic section b. Path mechanisms and consequences 1. Know the pathophysiologic consequences of high surface tension at the air liquid interface (eg, bronchiolar epithelial injury, pulmonary edema, low end expiratory volume, etc) 2. Know the mechanisms contributing to hypoxemia in respiratory distress syndrome 3. Know the mechanisms of meconium aspiration lung injury 4. Understand how surfactant deficiency in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome affects the relative surface tension of small versus large alveoli in terms of LaPlace's law 5. Know the mechanisms contributing to hypoxemia in meconium aspiration syndrome 6. Know the mechanisms contributing to persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate 7. Know the mechanisms contributing to hypoxemia in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate 4. Diagnosis and clinical manifestations a. History 1. Recognize elements of the maternal history that increase or decrease the likelihood of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome