LIBRO + ANEXOS NEUMOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA

Libro Blanco de las ACES Pediátricas 2024 170 ❚ 2. Physical examination a. Know that midface hypoplasia and craniofacial anomalies increase the likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 3. Imaging a. Know that lateral neck radiographs (high KV or soft tissue exposure) are useful in assessing the size of adenoids, sublingual tonsils, and the upper airway 4. Pulmonary function tests a. Know that pulmonary function tests are often normal in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 5. Other investigations a. Understand the limitations of audio and video taping a sleeping child as a screening test for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome b. Know what physiologic measurements are made on polysomnography in children c. Understand the limitations and advantages of monitoring respiration (effort and airflow) during sleep d. Understand the limitations of daytime nap studies in diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children e. Recognize the features of central and obstructive apnea on a polysomnogram f. Recognize the features of hypopnea on a polysomnogram g. Understand the limitations of monitoring oxyhemoglobin saturation as a means of detecting obstructive apnea in children 6. Diagnostic criteria a. Know the diagnostic criteria for establishing the presence of obstructive sleep apnea 7. Complications a. Know the complications of obstructive sleep apnea b. Recognize the association between sleep disorder breathing and school problems e. Prevention and therapeutic approach 1. Prevention 2. Therapeutic approach a. Know that sedation may worsen obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children b. Know that adenotonsillectomy is the most common treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children c. Know that a history of snoring is not by itself an indication for treatment d. Know that weight loss is an important part of the treatment of the obese adolescent with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome e. Recognize the indications for mask continuous positive airway pressure therapy in children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome f. Know that positive airway pressure can improve obstructive sleep apnea 3. Side effects of therapy