LIBRO + ANEXOS NEUMOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA

Neumología Pediátrica. Anexos ❚ 201 2. Know that heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine is composed of a protein conjugate vaccine derived from serotypes most likely to cause invasive disease in young children (i.e., meningitis and bacteremic pneumonia) 3. Understand the differences between pediatric heptavalent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine and the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine in indication and duration of protection b. Efficacy 1. Recognize the clinical conditions for which pneumococcal vaccine is indicated 2. Know that pneumococcal vaccine does not confer absolute protection to children at high risk 3. Know the immunologic response to immunization 7. Influenza a. Composition 1. Recognize that influenza vaccine is available in two forms: formalin inactivated vaccine and a live attenuated vaccine b. Efficacy 1. Recognize the clinical indications for administration of influenza vaccine 2. Recognize the limitations of influenza vaccine 3. Know the recommendations for administration of inactivated and live attenuated influenza vaccine 4. Know that prophylactic oseltamivir therapy is effective against influenza A virus 5. Know that short-term administration of systemic corticosteroids does not suppress the protective effect of influenza vaccine 6. Know that live attenuated influenza vaccine is contraindicated in children with asthma B. Smoking 1. Active smoking a. Demographics of onset 1. Know that the great majority of adult smokers are already committed smokers by the time they are 18 years of age b. Factors influencing onset 1. Know that peer pressure is the primary influence on smoking initiation c. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary health effects 1. Recognize that smoking is the number one preventable cause of death in the United States 2. Know the factors that influence the effectiveness of smoking cessation programs 2. Passive smoking - health effects a. Fetus 1. Know that maternal smoking leads to an increase in fetal loss, a reduction in birth weight, and an adverse impact on lung growth and function b. Infant 1. Know that passive smoking leads to increased rates of both upper and lower respiratory tract infections and sudden infant death syndrome in infants c. Child